In this course , the emphasis is on calculating the value of Call Option and Put Option using Binomial Options Pricing Model (BOPM). Financial Derivative is a financial instrument whose value is based on the price of an underlying asset. It is a contract whose value is based on something else. They are those instruments whose price is derived from underlying item such as Security, commodity, bonds, interest rates ,etc.
The most common form of derivatives are:
Forwards- It is a customized contract between 2 parties to buy or sell an asset at a specified price at a specified future date.
Futures-Futures are similar to Forwards but are standardized and regulated in Stock Exchanges.
Options- Options are those financial instruments that gives the Right but not the obligation to buy (CALL) or sell (PUT) a security or other Financial asset.
Swaps- The exchange of one security for another based on different factors are termed as Swaps.
According to John C.Hull, “A Derivative can be defined as a Financial Instrument whose value depends on the value of the other, more basic underlying variable”
Binomial Options Pricing Model(BOPM) is used to calculate the value of Call Options and Put Option. Let's give a brief idea about Options:
Options are those Financial Instruments that gives the right to the buyer (but not the obligation) to “BUY”(CALL) or “SELL” (PUT) a security or any other financial asset on or before a certain date, at a specified price (Strike Price). The asset under consideration is termed as ‘Underlying’ which could be any security, stock indices, commodities, foreign exchange, interest rate,etc. Options are popularly classified into:
I) Call Option- A Call Option is a contract between two parties to exchange a stock at a “Strike Price” by a predetermined date. One Party, the buyer of the “Call” has the right but not the obligation, to buy the stock at the strike price by the future date, while the other party, the seller of the call has the obligation to sell the stock to the buyer at the Strike Price if the buyer exercises the Option.
II) Put Option- A Put Option is a contract between two parties to exchange a stock at a “Strike Price”, on or before a predetermined date (date of expiry). One party, the buyer of the “Put” has the right, but not the obligation to sell the stock from the buyer at the strike price.
