SQL is a domain-specific language used in programming and designed for managing data held in a relational database management system, or for stream processing in a relational data stream management system.

T-SQL (Transact-SQL) is a set of programming extensions from Sybase and Microsoft that add several features to the Structured Query Language (SQL), including transaction control, exception and error handling, row processing and declared variables.

All applications that communicate with SQL Server do so by sending T-SQL statements to the server. T-SQL queries include the SELECT statement, selecting columns, labelling output columns, restricting rows and modifying a search condition.

T-SQL identifiers, meanwhile, are used in all databases, servers, and database objects in SQL Server. These include the following tables, constraints, stored procedures, views, columns and data types. T-SQL identifiers must each have a unique name, are assigned when an object is created and are used to identify an object.

SQL Server Integration Services is a component of the Microsoft SQL Server database software that can be used to perform a broad range of data migration tasks. SSIS is a platform for data integration and workflow applications. It features a data warehousing tool used for data extraction, transformation, and loading.

SQL Server Reporting Services is a server-based report generating software system from Microsoft. It is part of a suite of Microsoft SQL Server services, including SSAS and SSIS. Administered via a Web interface, it can be used to prepare and deliver a variety of interactive and printed reports.

Microsoft SQL Server Analysis Services is an online analytical processing and data mining tool in Microsoft SQL Server. SSAS is used as a tool by organizations to analyse and make sense of information possibly spread out across multiple databases, or in disparate tables or files.

A stored procedure is a subroutine available to applications that access a relational database management system. Such procedures are stored in the database data dictionary. Uses for stored procedures include data-validation or access-control mechanisms